How can leaks in a distribution system affect water quality?

Leaks in a water distribution system can significantly impact water quality primarily by introducing contaminants into the water supply. When a leak occurs, it can create a pathway for external substances such as soil, chemicals, or bacteria to enter the system, especially if the pressure in the distribution network decreases. This loss of pressure can hinder the natural hydraulic barriers that prevent contamination from entering the water supply.

In addition to the potential introduction of harmful contaminants, leaks can also result in stagnant water within the distribution system. Stagnation allows bacteria and other microorganisms to thrive, which can further degrade water quality. Therefore, the presence of leaks is a critical concern for maintaining safe and potable drinking water in a distribution system. The correct answer accurately reflects the multifaceted ways leaks can compromise water quality through contamination and pressure issues.