Which valve type is the most commonly used in water distribution systems?

The gate valve is the most commonly used type of valve in water distribution systems due to its effective design for on/off service. Gate valves consist of a sliding gate that can either completely block the flow or allow it to pass through without any obstruction. This makes them ideal for applications where a full flow is necessary because they do not create turbulence or pressure drop in the system when fully opened.

Their construction typically allows for greater resistance against high pressures, making them suitable for the varying pressures found in many water distribution networks. Additionally, gate valves are designed for minimal flow resistance, which is crucial in maintaining system efficiency.

Gate valves are also favored for their longevity and reliability, needing less frequent maintenance or replacement compared to other valve types. They serve as a robust choice for isolating sections of piping for repairs or maintenance tasks, ensuring that water distribution can be effectively managed without significant interruptions to service.

In contrast, while other valves like ball valves, check valves, and butterfly valves have specific uses within water systems, they do not match the versatility and common necessity for complete closure and unrestricted flow that gate valves provide.